Key factors influencing productivity of whole-tree ground-based felling equipment commonly used in the Pacific Northwest

Around the globe, various types of forest machinery are employed to conduct fully mechanized ground-based timber harvesting. In Pacific Northwest, whole-tree harvesting method remains dominant. While machine-integrated sensors provide accurate productivity information in cut-to-length method, is more complicated determine This literature review compiles and analyses existing evidence on studies feller–bunchers feller–directors a systematic manner identifies factors influencing machine productivity. The study indicates that most previous research was conducted North America, particularly Canada. It also found considerable portion lacked statistical analysis. Piece size, slope, silvicultural treatment were commonly studied productivity-influencing among results. Although there already general understanding important feller–directors, still lack measurement isolation individual facilitate prediction. Further needed for development systems use integrated capable estimating Updated models will optimize operations, identify bottlenecks, allow best practices.